The Rape Response & Crime Victim Center has been serving victims since January 1979. The purpose of this program is to aid crime victims by using self-help techniques taught to victims by trained advocates, and making our community a safer place. We must aid the public to stop crime. It is impossible to hold criminals accountable without victims cooperation in reporting and testifying about the crime. Few victims will report and prosecute rape without assistance because of stigmas regarding crimes of a sexual nature. Strong advocacy programs provide support needed to lessen the victimization.
The Center's programs are organized into five basic areas:
* Crisis intervention services
* Individual assistance and support groups
* Aiding victims participation at all critical stage
* Prevention education
* Training and maintaining volunteers
No impunity for rape -
A Crime against Humanity and a War Crime
PEACE REQUIRES JUSTICE FOR LIBERIAN WOMEN AND GIRLS
"I deplore the fact that sexual and gender-based violence continue to be used as a weapon of war in African conflicts: Every effort must be made to halt this odious practice, and bring the perpetrators to justice."(1)
Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary-General, 6 July 2004
On 18 August 2003 a Comprehensive Peace Agreement was concluded in Accra, Ghana, to end Liberia's internal armed conflict. It was signed by all parties to the conflict - the former government of Liberia and the two armed opposition groups, the Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) and the Movement for Democracy in Liberia (MODEL) - as well as political parties.
That agreement - and the international community's commitment to support its implementation - held out strong hopes not only for peace and rebuilding a devastated country but also for an end to the crimes against humanity, war crimes and other serious violations of international law perpetrated against the Liberian people.
Among the most serious crimes were rape and other forms of sexual violence against women and girls. There can be no impunity for these crimes and the perpetrators must be brought to justice.
Failure to address impunity for these crimes in the past not only resulted in continuing human rights abuses but also prolonged the conflict. Durable peace will not be achieved in Liberia unless those responsible for crimes under international law are held criminally responsible, truth is established and victims obtain full reparations. In addition, adequate and sustained assistance must be provided to the women and girls who have suffered sexual violence. Effective measures must also be taken to prevent a recurrence of these crimes.
The challenges facing Liberia in consolidating the peace process, rebuilding a devastated country and overcoming an almost total erosion of the most fundamental human rights - including those of women and girls - remain daunting and will require commitment from the National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL) and the international community over a long period of time.(2)
While Liberian women have suffered so greatly during the conflict and are entitled to full redress for the crimes committed against them, they are also vital to the reconstruction of Liberia which is based on good governance, the rule of law and respect for human rights - including their own.
THE NATURE AND SCALE OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE DURING THE ARMED CONFLICT
"War has always dealt cruelly with women, but the nature of violent conflict in the world has changed in the past decades in ways that are taking an even greater toll on women and children."(3)
Carol Bellamy, Executive Director of UNICEF, 25 November 2004
Widespread, as well as systematic, rape
Rape and other forms of sexual violence have become endemic in Liberia. While it is impossible to establish with any degree of accuracy the exact numbers of women and girls - of all ages - who have been affected by sexual violence, it has been pervasive throughout the conflict.
Sexual violence, however, increased dramatically from the beginning of 2003, as fighting worsened and spread to previously unaffected parts of the country. Deliberate attacks on the civilian population, including in the capital, Monrovia, intensified as LURD forces advanced. Among those bearing the brunt of the fighting were hundreds of thousands of internally displaced people and refugees from neighbouring Sierra Leone in camps in Montserrado County which were overrun in turn by forces of the former government and LURD.
Women and girls were seized, raped, abducted, forcibly recruited to fight and subjected to sexual slavery. The fighting during three successive attacks by LURD forces on Monrovia in June and July 2003, when more than a thousand people died and many more were injured, was also characterized by widespread rape and other forms of sexual violence. The inhabitants of Monrovia and Montserrado County dubbed these attacks "World Wars I, II and III".
A.B., a Sierra Leonean refugee, had fled to Liberia in 1991 when the internal armed conflict in Sierra Leone began. She was in the refugee camp known as VOA in Montserrado County when both former government and LURD forces attacked the camp in June 2003.
"In World War I, when LURD entered the camp, there was fierce fighting between the rebels and government forces. People were trying to run away and things were taken by LURD. When they retreated and government soldiers returned, it was worse - they caused mayhem. They killed and raped many people, including old people. I experienced the same thing [rape] which has given me pain in the system which is still there. Everyone ran to Mamba Point [Monrovia], thinking that it would be safe. I was with my husband in Greystones [compound] during World War II and World War III. My husband was killed in a rocket attack; 30 pieces of shrapnel went into his body. My son was also badly injured in the attack."
In early August 2003, as casualties among civilians in Monrovia rose inexorably and the capital faced an unprecedented humanitarian crisis, the Acting United Nations (UN) High Commissioner for Human Rights, Bertrand Ramcharan, issued an emergency report. He singled out for particular mention the rape of women and girls: "The widespread nature of this crime, the involvement of senior military officials and the impunity which perpetrators enjoy suggest that rape is used as a weapon of war to instil terror among the civilian population".(4)
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